Solar100 Malaysia Solar ATAP Billing Guide

How Does Solar ATAP Billing Work?

Updated: July 2026

Solar ATAP billing separately records electricity imported from the grid and surplus solar electricity exported to the grid. Solar used directly inside the premises reduces grid consumption before it appears on the electricity bill. Eligible exported energy is then converted into a bill credit and used to offset qualifying electricity charges within the same billing period.

Quick Answer A bidirectional meter records electricity imported from the utility and solar electricity exported to the grid. Domestic export credits are valued using the applicable Energy Charge, while non-domestic export credits use the Average System Marginal Price. Export credits can only offset eligible imported electricity within the same billing period and are limited by the Monthly Allowable Quantity and electricity consumed from the grid. Unused exported energy is not carried forward, does not produce a cash payment and is forfeited after that billing period. Export credits also cannot offset the Automatic Fuel Adjustment.

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What Happens on a Solar ATAP Electricity Bill?

Solar ATAP billing combines normal electricity billing with a credit for eligible surplus solar electricity exported during the same billing period. The system does not simply subtract exported kilowatt-hours from every component of the electricity bill.

Solar Used Directly

Solar consumed immediately inside the premises reduces the amount of electricity that needs to be imported from the grid.

Grid Electricity Imported

Electricity drawn from the utility is measured and charged according to the applicable electricity tariff and billing rules.

Surplus Solar Exported

Solar generation that exceeds the premises’ immediate load may be exported through the approved grid connection.

Export Credit Applied

Eligible exported electricity is valued and used to reduce qualifying charges within that same billing period.

Other Charges Remain

Network, capacity, retail, adjustment, tax and other applicable bill components may remain payable.

No Negative Cash Bill

If the calculated net bill becomes negative, it is adjusted to zero without a cash payment to the consumer.

Solar Supplies the Premises

The building uses available solar electricity before drawing the remaining requirement from the grid.

The Meter Records Grid Import

Electricity imported from the utility during the billing period is recorded separately.

The Meter Records Solar Export

Eligible surplus solar electricity sent to the grid is also recorded.

The Export Value Is Calculated

Domestic and non-domestic consumers use different export-credit valuation methods.

The Same-Month Offset Is Applied

The eligible export credit reduces qualifying electricity charges in the same billing period.

The Final Bill Is Issued

Remaining electricity charges, adjustments, taxes and other applicable components are shown on the bill.

Solar ATAP Is Not Full One-for-One Net Metering Across the Entire Bill: Export credits are valued under the applicable Solar ATAP method and do not automatically remove every electricity-bill component.

How Does Self-Consumption Reduce the Electricity Bill?

Solar electricity used immediately inside the premises does not need to be purchased from the grid. This avoided import normally creates the first and most direct source of solar savings.

Solar-Energy Route	What Happens	General Billing Effect
Solar Is Used Immediately	The electricity serves the premises before grid import is required.	Reduces electricity imported from the utility.
Solar Exceeds Immediate Demand	The surplus may flow to the grid through the bidirectional meter.	May create an eligible export credit.
Building Demand Exceeds Solar Output	The grid supplies the remaining electricity requirement.	Imported electricity remains chargeable.
No Solar Generation	The premises relies on grid electricity or an applicable battery system.	Normal grid charges apply to imported electricity.

Daytime Loads Air-conditioning, machinery, pumps, refrigeration and office equipment operating during solar hours can increase direct self-consumption.

Evening Loads Electricity used after solar generation falls normally comes from the grid unless an appropriately configured battery supplies it.

High Self-Consumption A larger share of solar generation is used at the premises instead of being exported.

High Export A larger share of generation depends on the applicable export-credit value and same-period offset limits.

Self-Consumption and Export Should Be Modelled Separately: One kilowatt-hour used directly may have a different financial value from one kilowatt-hour exported under Solar ATAP.

How Are Imported and Exported Electricity Measured?

Solar ATAP uses metering equipment to record electricity flowing in different directions. The meter readings form the basis of the commercial settlement shown on the electricity bill.

Bidirectional Meter

Records electricity supplied by the utility and eligible solar electricity exported to the supply system.

PV Meter

Measures electricity produced by the solar PV installation according to the applicable programme and metering requirements.

Import Register

Records electricity delivered from the grid to the consumer during the billing period.

Export Register

Records eligible electricity flowing from the consumer’s solar installation to the grid.

Electricity imported from the grid
Electricity exported to the grid
Solar PV generation where required
Billing-period start date
Billing-period end date
Previous meter readings
Current meter readings
Meter serial numbers
Applicable multiplier
Estimated or actual readings
Meter replacement records
Commencement date
Applicable tariff category
Consumer category
Export-credit valuation basis
Eligible offset quantity

The Solar-Monitoring App Is Not the Official Billing Meter: Inverter or monitoring-platform data can help track performance, but the approved utility meter reading forms the basis of commercial billing.

How Is the Solar ATAP Export Credit Calculated?

The Solar ATAP Guidelines describe the net Energy Charge as the value of imported electricity at the prevailing Energy rate minus the eligible value of electricity exported to the grid.

Net Energy Charge = Imported Energy Value − Eligible Exported Energy Credit

The detailed bill may still include other applicable charges, adjustments, taxes, incentives and rebates.

Calculation Component	General Method	Important Limitation
Imported Energy Value	Imported kWh multiplied by the prevailing gazetted Energy rate.	Other bill components may be calculated separately.
Domestic Export Credit	Eligible exported kWh multiplied by the applicable Energy Charge.	Subject to same-period, consumption and MAQ limits.
Non-Domestic Export Credit	Eligible exported kWh multiplied by the applicable Average SMP.	Average SMP may differ from the consumer’s retail tariff.
Automatic Fuel Adjustment	Calculated under the applicable tariff and billing arrangement.	Solar ATAP export credit cannot be used to offset AFA.
Negative Net Amount	Adjusted to zero.	No cash transaction or payout is made.

The Export Credit Depends on Both Quantity and Applicable Rate: Two consumers exporting the same number of kilowatt-hours may receive different credit values if they belong to different consumer categories or billing periods.

How Does Solar ATAP Billing Work for Domestic Consumers?

For domestic consumers, eligible exported electricity is valued using the applicable Energy Charge. This does not necessarily mean that exported electricity offsets the entire retail bill on a one-for-one monetary basis.

Domestic Billing Item	General Treatment	What the Consumer Should Check
Solar Used Inside the Home	Reduces electricity imported from the grid.	Compare daytime consumption with expected solar generation.
Surplus Solar Export	Valued using the applicable domestic Energy Charge.	Confirm the current Energy Charge used in the bill.
Same-Period Offset	Eligible credit is applied within the same billing period.	Unused credit does not move to the following month.
AFA	Remains subject to the applicable tariff treatment.	Export credit cannot be used to offset AFA.
Other Bill Components	May remain chargeable after the export credit is applied.	Review every line item instead of only the net Energy Charge.

A domestic Solar ATAP bill may show or reflect:

Billing period
Imported grid electricity
Exported solar electricity
Eligible export quantity
Applicable Energy Charge
Imported Energy value
Export-credit value
Net Energy Charge
Automatic Fuel Adjustment
Network-related charges
Capacity-related charges
Retail-related charges
Applicable incentives
Applicable rebates
KWTBB where applicable
SST where applicable
Previous balance
Current amount payable

A Domestic Solar ATAP Bill May Not Fall to Zero Even with High Export: Some charges remain outside the eligible export offset, and excess export credit cannot be paid out or carried forward.

How Does Solar ATAP Billing Work for Non-Domestic Consumers?

For non-domestic consumers, eligible exported electricity is valued using the Average System Marginal Price rather than the consumer’s full retail electricity tariff.

Non-Domestic Billing Item	General Treatment	Financial Implication
Solar Used Directly	Reduces electricity imported during operating hours.	Often forms the main source of solar value.
Surplus Solar Export	Valued using the applicable Average SMP.	Export value may be lower than the retail Energy rate.
Average SMP	Based on the settlement price applicable under the programme.	The rate may change between billing periods.
Maximum Demand Charges	Remain subject to the applicable tariff and measured demand.	Solar may not reduce the monthly maximum demand in every case.
Other Tariff Components	Remain payable according to the tariff schedule.	Export credit does not automatically offset all bill components.

Average SMP Changes The applicable Average SMP may vary, so a long-term proposal should not assume that one fixed export rate continues indefinitely.

Retail Tariff Difference The price paid for imported electricity may differ from the value credited for exported electricity.

Operating-Hour Alignment Businesses with strong daytime demand can consume more solar directly and rely less on export value.

Maximum-Demand Timing Solar only reduces maximum-demand exposure when generation overlaps with the period in which the billing peak occurs.

Do Not Calculate Commercial Savings by Multiplying All Solar Generation by the Retail Tariff: Separate direct self-consumption, exported energy, Average SMP and maximum-demand effects in the financial model.

What Is the Monthly Allowable Quantity under Solar ATAP?

The Monthly Allowable Quantity, commonly referred to as MAQ, limits the quantity of exported electricity that may be recognised for offset during a billing period.

Export Situation	Eligible Offset Quantity	Treatment of Additional Export
Export Is Below MAQ and Below Grid Import	Eligible export may be recognised up to the recorded quantity.	No excess beyond the recorded export.
Export Exceeds MAQ but Is Below Grid Import	Eligible export is limited to MAQ.	Export above MAQ is forfeited.
Export Is Below MAQ but Exceeds Grid Import	Eligible export is limited to electricity imported or consumed from the grid.	The remaining exported electricity is forfeited.
Export Exceeds Both MAQ and Grid Import	Eligible export is limited to the lower applicable quantity.	The remaining exported electricity is forfeited.

Eligible Offset Quantity = Lowest Applicable Limit of Export, Grid Import and MAQ

High Export Does Not Always Mean High Bill Credit: Exported electricity above the permitted offset quantity does not create a larger future credit or a cash payment.

Can Unused Solar ATAP Credits Be Carried Forward?

No. Solar ATAP exported-energy credits are applied within the same billing period. Exported energy that is not used for an eligible offset during that billing period is forfeited.

No Monthly Roll-Over

Unused export quantity or credit does not move to the next electricity bill.

No Annual Credit Bank

Solar ATAP does not create a long-term bank of unused exported-energy credits.

No Cash Payout

A negative net bill is adjusted to zero and does not produce a cash payment.

Excess Export Is Forfeited

Export above the eligible same-period limit is not compensated under the normal billing mechanism.

Oversizing May Increase Uncompensated Export: A system that regularly generates more export than can be offset within the same billing period may produce weaker financial returns than expected.

Which Electricity-Bill Charges May Still Remain?

Solar ATAP export credits are used against the eligible Energy component. Other charges continue according to the applicable tariff schedule and billing rules.

Bill Component	Can Solar ATAP Export Credit Offset It?	General Treatment
Eligible Energy Charge	Yes, subject to Solar ATAP limits	Reduced by the eligible export-credit value.
Automatic Fuel Adjustment	No	Calculated and charged according to the applicable tariff rules.
Network Charges	Not automatically	Remain subject to the tariff structure.
Capacity Charges	Not automatically	Remain subject to measured demand and tariff rules.
Retail Charges	Not automatically	Remain payable where applicable.
Taxes and Statutory Charges	Depends on the applicable law and bill component	May remain payable after the Energy offset.
Previous Outstanding Balance	No automatic Solar ATAP treatment	Remains payable according to the electricity account.
Late-Payment Charges	No automatic Solar ATAP treatment	Remain subject to the utility’s billing terms.

Consumers should review these bill details:

Imported electricity quantity
Exported electricity quantity
Eligible offset quantity
MAQ applied
Domestic Energy Charge
Non-domestic Average SMP
Imported Energy value
Export-credit value
Net Energy Charge
Automatic Fuel Adjustment
Network Charge
Capacity Charge
Retail Charge
Maximum Demand
Applicable rebates
Applicable incentives
KWTBB where applicable
SST where applicable
Previous balance
Total current amount payable

Bill Reduction Is Not the Same as Bill Elimination: Solar can reduce imported Energy charges, but consumers may continue paying other tariff components, taxes, adjustments and account balances.

What Is a Simple Solar ATAP Billing Example?

The following example is illustrative only. It does not represent an official tariff, guaranteed saving or actual consumer bill.

Illustrative Item	Example Quantity	Billing Treatment
Total Solar Generated	600 kWh	Measured by the solar monitoring system or PV meter where applicable.
Solar Used Directly	400 kWh	Reduces the need to import grid electricity.
Solar Exported	200 kWh	Considered for same-period offset subject to MAQ and grid import.
Grid Electricity Imported	350 kWh	Charged under the applicable electricity tariff.
Potential Eligible Export Quantity	Up to 200 kWh	Subject to MAQ and all programme limits.
Export Credit Rate	Depends on consumer category	Domestic Energy Charge or non-domestic Average SMP.
Other Bill Components	Variable	May remain payable after the Energy offset.

The Bill Does Not Simply Use 350 kWh Minus 200 kWh for Every Charge: Imported Energy, exported Energy value and other tariff components are calculated according to their respective billing rules.

What Billing Information Should a Solar Proposal Include?

Current consumer category
Current tariff category
Historical monthly consumption
Historical maximum demand
Daytime consumption profile
Estimated annual solar generation
Estimated direct self-consumption
Estimated exported electricity
Domestic Energy Charge assumption
Non-domestic Average SMP assumption
MAQ assumption
No-rollover treatment
No-cash-payment treatment
AFA treatment
Network-charge treatment
Capacity-charge treatment
Retail-charge treatment
Maximum-demand assumption
Tariff-escalation assumption
Solar degradation assumption
System-availability assumption
Weather assumption
Maintenance costs
Inverter-replacement allowance
Battery assumptions where applicable
Programme-tenure treatment
Post-ATAP treatment
Sensitivity analysis
Excluded charges
Non-guaranteed assumptions

Be Careful with Proposals Showing One Flat Saving Rate for All Solar Generation: Directly consumed solar and exported solar should use separate financial assumptions.

What Solar ATAP Billing Questions Should You Ask Before Signing?

Which electricity charges will solar reduce directly?
Which charges cannot be offset by exported solar?
How much solar is expected to be used inside the premises?
How much solar is expected to be exported?
What domestic Energy Charge has been assumed?
What Average SMP has been assumed for non-domestic export?
Is the export-credit rate fixed or variable?
What MAQ has been assumed?
How is the MAQ determined for this account?
What happens if export exceeds the MAQ?
What happens if export exceeds grid import?
Can unused credits move to the next month?
Can unused credits be paid in cash?
Can export credits offset the AFA?
Can export credits offset network charges?
Can export credits offset capacity charges?
Can export credits offset retail charges?
How does solar affect maximum-demand charges?
Does the financial model use actual interval data?
Does the proposal separate self-consumption and export?
What tariff changes are assumed?
What Average SMP changes are assumed?
What happens during months with low consumption?
What happens during months with high solar export?
Who verifies the first Solar ATAP bill?
Who handles an incorrect import or export reading?
What happens if the bidirectional meter fails?
What happens after the Solar ATAP tenure ends?
Which savings estimates are not guaranteed?
Can I receive a bill simulation before signing?

What Is Solar100’s Role in Solar ATAP Billing Comparison?

Solar100

Supports solar-provider discovery
Helps organise electricity-bill and project information
Supports initial quotation comparison
Helps identify differences in billing assumptions
Does not issue or calculate the official electricity bill
Does not guarantee offsets, savings or bill reductions

Selected Provider, Utility and Relevant Authorities

Assess the consumer’s actual load profile
Prepare generation and billing assumptions
Install and commission the approved metering arrangement
Record official import and export meter readings
Apply the applicable tariff and Solar ATAP settlement rules
Remain responsible for their agreed technical and billing scope

Frequently Asked Questions

How does Solar ATAP billing work?

Electricity imported from the grid and surplus solar electricity exported to the grid are measured separately. Eligible export is converted into a credit and applied against qualifying Energy charges within the same billing period.

How are domestic Solar ATAP exports valued?

Eligible domestic exported electricity is valued using the applicable Energy Charge, subject to the billing-period, consumption and MAQ limits.

How are non-domestic Solar ATAP exports valued?

Eligible non-domestic exported electricity is valued using the applicable Average System Marginal Price.

Can Solar ATAP credits be carried forward?

No. Unused exported energy is not carried to a later billing period and is forfeited.

Will TNB pay cash for excess Solar ATAP export?

No. If the net bill calculation becomes negative, it is adjusted to zero without a cash transaction.

Can exported solar offset the Automatic Fuel Adjustment?

No. Solar ATAP export credits cannot be used to offset the Automatic Fuel Adjustment.

What is MAQ under Solar ATAP?

MAQ means Monthly Allowable Quantity. It limits the amount of exported electricity that can be recognised for offset during a billing period.

Can a Solar ATAP electricity bill still have charges?

Yes. Network, capacity, retail, fuel-adjustment, tax and other applicable charges may remain payable after the export credit is applied.

Is the inverter-monitoring reading used for official billing?

The monitoring platform helps track solar performance, but approved utility-meter readings form the basis of official commercial settlement.

Does Solar100 calculate the official Solar ATAP electricity bill?

No. Solar100 supports provider discovery and quotation comparison. Official metering, billing, tariff application and settlement remain with the utility and relevant parties.

The information on this page is provided for general educational and comparison purposes and reflects publicly available Solar ATAP billing information reviewed in July 2026. Actual bills depend on the registered consumer category, tariff schedule, Energy Charge, Average System Marginal Price, Monthly Allowable Quantity, imported electricity, exported electricity, billing period, maximum demand, Automatic Fuel Adjustment, network charges, capacity charges, retail charges, incentives, rebates, KWTBB, SST, previous balances, meter readings and other applicable billing rules. Illustrative examples are not official electricity-bill calculations. PETRA, the Energy Commission, SEDA Malaysia, TNB or other relevant authorities may amend programme, tariff, settlement, metering and billing requirements. Consumers should review the latest official bill, tariff schedule and Solar ATAP terms. Solar100 is a provider-discovery and quotation-comparison platform. Solar100 is not PETRA, the Energy Commission, SEDA Malaysia, TNB, an electricity utility, regulator, billing authority, meter operator, installer, electrical contractor, engineer, competent person, accountant, financial adviser or programme administrator and does not guarantee export-credit values, tariff treatment, bill reductions, savings, payback periods or financial returns.

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